Immunophysiology: How Does the Immune System Work Against Pathogens?
Have you ever found yourself in the middle of cold and flu season, doing everything you can to dodge germs? Or perhaps during summer, you’re wondering if those extra sneezes are seasonal allergies or something more serious. No matter the time of year, understanding how your body defends itself against illness can feel like unlocking the secret to better health. So, how does the immune system work against illnesses? Specifically, how does it defend against pathogens: the culprits behind illnesses like the flu and the common cold? In this article, we’ll dive into the fascinating field of immunophysiology to explore how the immune system detects, responds to and remembers these harmful invaders. How Does Your Immune System Work? The immune system works like a well-honed army, protecting your body against harmful pathogens such as viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites. This intricate system incorporates specialized cells, proteins and organs that work together to detect and eliminate invaders, while also maintaining a memory of past infections for future protection. Below, we shine a microscope on the key components of the immune system and their roles: AntibodiesThese proteins in the blood play a vital role in detecting pathogens. As they circulate, antibodies bind to specific molecules called antigens found on the surface of pathogens. This binding neutralizes the pathogens and marks them for destruction by other immune cells. Lymphatic systemComposed of lymph nodes, lymph vessels and lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell), the lymphatic system acts as a transportation network that circulates lymph, a clear fluid containing immune cells, through the body
